Ovarian Cancer Essays (1205 words) - RTT, Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian Cancer Ovarian cancer is a cancer which forms in the ovaries of a female reproductive organs. Most times it is undetected until small tumors line the abdominal cavity and the cancer cells invade vital organs. This cancer, which is the fifth leading cause of cancer death among American women, has recently shown signs that it may have more success with new treatments for all stages of the disease. Symptoms Ovarian cancer has often times been known as the "silent killer" of American women, but scientists have recently uncovered startling facts: more than 90% of ovarian cancer patients had symptoms of the disease long before it was officially diagnosed. As well as this amazing fact, one in 17 women who live to be 80 will develop ovarian cancer. Some symptoms of this disease include abdominal swelling; digestive disturbances, which include gas, bloating, chronic stomach pains, or indigestion; pelvic pressure; a persistent need to urinate; unexplained weight loss or pain in the pelvis, lower back, or legs. As it can be seen, these symptoms can pertain to many other illnesses, therefore it is hard for a doctor to know ovarian cancer exists. Most times, when these symptoms do not respond to the usual treatments, doctors are instructed to consider ovarian cancer as the problem. Diagnosis, Surgery, and Therapy In order to make a diagnosis, first the doctor requires a thorough medical history of the patient and a pelvic exam, which allows the doctor to feel for abnormalities in the ovaries. If an abnormality is suspected, an ultrasound is usually performed. Usually, for an ultrasound, a probe is placed in the Vagina to gain a clear image of the ovaries. The ultrasound can determine the health of the ovaries and distinguish any more possibilities of the existence of ovarian cancer. To have a better idea of what's wrong with the patient, the doctor obtains a blood test on the patient to measure CA-125. CA-125 is a protein produced by ovarian cancer cells. In advanced ovarian cancer, the protein is elevated in more than 80% of women. In those patients with early-stage cancers, the protein is elevated in more than 50%. Unfortunately, this tool is not perfect. Sometimes these protein levels can also be higher during ovulation or endometriosis. The only certain way to find out if ovarian cancer lives in the patient is to have surgery. During the surgery, the ovaries and other organs of the abdomen are thoroughly inspected. If cancer is strongly suspected, the incision for the surgery is made through the abdomen. The first stage of ovarian cancer is referred to as stage I. This stage is when the cancer is only located in the ovaries. Stage II is classified to the ovaries and other pelvic organs. Stage III is cancer in all the abdominal organs except for the liver, and stage IV includes the liver and other vital organs. Advanced cases are considered the stages from II to IV. Sometimes in the early stages of ovarian cancer, a woman can still conceive, because only one ovary will be removed. If the stage of cancer is very advanced, both ovaries will be removed, as well as the uterus, fallopian tubes, and the momentum. Chemotherapy usually makes CA-125 return to their normal levels. If it remains high or rises during therapy, the cancer may have reoccurred. Some studies suggest that if the tumors return within six months of therapy, the cancer cells could be resistant to drug treatment. A woman visits her physician every few months after her surgery and treatment to keep an eye on her CA-125 levels. Several organizations are trying to develop cancer vaccines targeted at certain cancer-causing proteins, like CA-125. By killing these proteins, they have less of a chance of causing the cancer. Side Effects Chemotherapy drugs kill cancer cells but also damage some normal cells. Temporary side effects might include nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, loss of hair, mouth and vaginal sores, and changes in the menstrual cycle. Because chemotherapy can damage the blood-producing cells of the bone marrow, patients may have low blood cell counts. This can result in an increased chance of infection, bleeding or bruising after minor cuts or injuries, and fatigue. Potentially permanent side effects include premature menopause and infertility. After radiation therapy,

Free Essays on Gatsby and the Frozen Moment

In today’s society, it is very easy to look around and see many people who live in their past. Walking down a street, one can still watch cars pass by with peace signs and equal rights slogans or hear blasting disco music from the 70’s. However, although the people in these cars enjoy the culture of the past, they know that it is behind them and can never fully be revived. They know that no matter how much they want the 60’s or the 70’s back, it can never happen, because times have changed. Unfortunately, Gatsby, in the book that bears his name, believed that despite all of the time that had passed and things that had occurred during his five years absence from Daisy, all could be revived. Therefore, he set out to reclaim his love, Daisy, and continue his life, as it had been in the past, unconcerned by all of the changes that had transpired. When Gatsby returned from his service in the armed forces, he embarked on a journey to reclaim his lost sweetheart, Daisy. He found her living in East Egg, married to a man named Tom Buchanan. He, in his obsessive love for Daisy, bought a house in West Egg directly across from hers. He would make extravagant parties with food and liquor, even though he did not drink, just hoping that one day the object of his desire would show up. He just wanted to regain that feeling that emotion that he had for Daisy. The one that he discovered back when he sat with her for hours just staring into her eyes and talking. He just wanted to relive that moment. Finally, after Gatsby met Jordan and Jordan convinced Nick to invite Daisy over, he had his chance. He sat with her again and tried to make everything as it was. He tried to recreate that magic moment in which he knew she was for him. She even led the reader to believe that her life with Tom was over and that she was going to join Gatsby in his world of the past. She chose Gatsby to ride in the car with, she made frequent visits to ... Free Essays on Gatsby and the Frozen Moment Free Essays on Gatsby and the Frozen Moment In today’s society, it is very easy to look around and see many people who live in their past. Walking down a street, one can still watch cars pass by with peace signs and equal rights slogans or hear blasting disco music from the 70’s. However, although the people in these cars enjoy the culture of the past, they know that it is behind them and can never fully be revived. They know that no matter how much they want the 60’s or the 70’s back, it can never happen, because times have changed. Unfortunately, Gatsby, in the book that bears his name, believed that despite all of the time that had passed and things that had occurred during his five years absence from Daisy, all could be revived. Therefore, he set out to reclaim his love, Daisy, and continue his life, as it had been in the past, unconcerned by all of the changes that had transpired. When Gatsby returned from his service in the armed forces, he embarked on a journey to reclaim his lost sweetheart, Daisy. He found her living in East Egg, married to a man named Tom Buchanan. He, in his obsessive love for Daisy, bought a house in West Egg directly across from hers. He would make extravagant parties with food and liquor, even though he did not drink, just hoping that one day the object of his desire would show up. He just wanted to regain that feeling that emotion that he had for Daisy. The one that he discovered back when he sat with her for hours just staring into her eyes and talking. He just wanted to relive that moment. Finally, after Gatsby met Jordan and Jordan convinced Nick to invite Daisy over, he had his chance. He sat with her again and tried to make everything as it was. He tried to recreate that magic moment in which he knew she was for him. She even led the reader to believe that her life with Tom was over and that she was going to join Gatsby in his world of the past. She chose Gatsby to ride in the car with, she made frequent visits to ...

'HOW THE ASSISTANT PRACTITIONER SHOULD ACT TO RESPECT THE PATIENT OR Essay

'HOW THE ASSISTANT PRACTITIONER SHOULD ACT TO RESPECT THE PATIENT OR CLIENT AS AN INDIVIDUAL AND ALWAYS ACT IN THEIR BEST INTEREST' - Essay Example The assistant practitioner works along with qualified team support that is involved in managing and coordinating activities to carry forward health care. The authority is required to undertake certain physiological measures and observations, and then propose a remedial action accordingly. The assistant practitioner is also required to provide teaching and learning assistance to subordinates. It is also part of the assistant practitioner to undertake clinical review processes as per conditions and requirements. The practitioner under his/her capacity is further urged to assist and support the relevant staff during their development phase. The practitioners are required to abide by the Trust core standards and procedures, the staffs are further responsible for their personal awareness related to clinical and personal development. The practitioners are provided with an option to adopt and apply new technique of practice depending upon the circumstances and relevant practices. The practi tioners are urged to review professional clinical supervision to further enhance and improve their clinical practice. It is the responsibility of the practitioner to promote a healthy lifestyle in an active manner, and contribute towards the service development under limited capacity. The practitioners on the basis of their experience have the authority to participate and involve in the recruitment and retention process of their group. The practitioners are provided with an opportunity to undertake therapeutic activities, and if required should also undertake nursing procedures, after seeking relevance guidance and supervision of the registered professional in the clinical setup. It is mandatory upon the practitioner to guarantee safe and healthy environment to the patients, visitors and staff, the practitioners should be aware about the health and safety policies. The

Week 2 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week 2 - Coursework Example In this regard, comparative analysis of existing circumstance may influence the decision of an individual when it comes to ethics. In this respect, informed judgment must always be made by an individual to achieve the maximum results on the grounds of ethical expectations. When one is entangled in a situation where a difficult situation has to be made, exceptions on absolute ethical standards are always inevitable (Finser, 2003). There are various incidents that justifies disregard to absolute ethical standards. The motive may sometime justify an action and hence support deviation from absolute ethical standards. Take the instance where one plots to steal cakes to feed a starving family. Absolute ethical approach would consider this action as a wrong but the prevailing circumstance and motives turns out right. In this regard, the situation should be an exception of ethical absolutism. Another situation where the absolute ethical standard may disregarded is where one person is to be killed in an attempt to save several others. For instance, a driver who finds himself in a dilemma situation with a pedestrian to avoid hitting in an incident of brake failure while carrying several people may resort to running over the one pedestrian to save the mass. Although killing is wrong, acting in favor of the mass is ethically justified Finser, 2003). The examples and supportive facts discussed shows need to disobey absolute ethical standards in some

Java Spring MVC Programming Introduction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Java Spring MVC Programming Introduction - Essay Example This module of the spring framework supports all popular data access frameworks in Java: oracle, JDBC, oracle toplink, Apache OJB, JPA, JDO, Hibernate, Apache Cayenne etc. For all the supported frameworks, spring provides Resource management, Exception handling, Transaction participation, Resource unwrapping, Abstraction The transaction management module brings a mechanism of abstraction to the Java platform with the following capabilities: ability to work with nested transactions, ability to work with savepoints, ability to work on local and global transactions, ability to work on almost all Java platform environments. It provides a first class support which is used for the purpose of testing spring MVC apps without a servlet container and with a fluent API. Tests on the server side use the DispatcherServlet while tests on the client side make use of the RestTemplate. This class has a @ExceptionHandler method which is used to handle standard spring MVC exceptions and return a ResponseEntity that allows customization and writing of responses with HTTP message converters. The structural elements of a spring application contains various elements which include introduction page, A page controller, A unit test class for the page controller (Risberg, et al., 2009), A view page and the DispatcherServlet (this is known as the Front Controller and is used by the web server based on the configuration on in

Stanley Kubricks Full Metal Jacket and Eisenharts You Cant Hack It Little Girl :: essays papers

Stanley Kubrick's Full Metal Jacket and R Wayne Eisenhart's â€Å"You Cant Hack It Little Girl: A Discussion Of The Covert Psychological Agenda of Modern Combat Training,† Stanley Kubrick uses his film, Full Metal Jacket to say that people today are brainwashed products of decades of conditioning. Kubrick strongly encourages us to relish individual thought. He expresses that society’s ideology encourages conformity, which can eventually cause fatality. Also the article â€Å"You Cant Hack It Little Girl: A Discussion Of The Covert Psychological Agenda of Modern Combat Training† by R Wayne Eisenhart realizes the extreme repression on individuality in the Marines. We all like to think of ourselves as individuals. However, in truth, we all live in a mass denial created be ourselves to feel less guilty about instituting severe pressure to, and the consequences if one does not, conform. The way one learns about oneself is often through others’ words and actions. This outside feedback creates a role for a person that he/she accepts as â€Å"who he/she is.† Therefore, it is the words and actions of another that forms the self-identity of a person, and ad this relationship develops, positive, reinforcing words and actions become necessary for ones healthy existence. Of course, there are varying degrees of conformity, and in most people there is the struggle to hold on to their individuality. This struggle is apparent in the scene in Full Metal Jacket when Gomer Pyle is beaten with soaps in towels. The other members of the troop become upset at Pyle’s nonconformity, and their negative feelings eventually reached the point of v iolence. Then Pyle’s struggle was ended and he became like the others, a killing machine. In his article, Eisenhart recognizes that â€Å"the training process created intense emotional conflicts generated by the formation of a male role,† and that there was a â€Å"continual structured effort to degrade and shape the individuals self-image.† Because all throughout history conformity was a necessary way of life, one may see society now as completely brainwashed. Kubrick depicts the longstanding tradition of the US Marines as a kind of cult where everyone is uniformly behaved and not one thought is individual. Even Joker, who has an image of originality in the film, eventually gives in to the group. First in the scene where he is cajoled in to hitting Pyle with the soap, and second when he struggles with himself, but ultimately conforms by killing the Vietnamese sniper at the encouragement of his peers.

Natural disaster risk assessment and risk management

Disasters have occurred in the world over for many years. They have occurred both in MDCs and LDCs. These disasters have either been caused by human forces or natural forces or interaction of both natural and human forces. When they occur they cause serious challenges and consequences to the economies of affected areas or countries. It’s estimated that the world looses over 750 dollars annually as a result of disaster. In most cases, the phenomenon that triggers disasters is beyond human control. In general the loses that causes natural disasters are largely a function of human factors which are human decisions, human actions and human choices or sometimes lack of these. Before I go into specifying a specific human disaster threat, it is important to exactly know what a disaster is or what it means. A disaster means misfortunes or calamities. It can also be termed as an incident of great harm and distress. It’s a serious disruption of functions of society causing widespread human, material or environmental loses that exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using its own resources. In this case, I am going to specifically dwell on earthquake as a natural disaster and its threats. Earthquake is a tremor caused by the disturbance of the earth surface. When it happens it causes great destruction economically, socially and even psychologically to the people living around. Because earthquakes are natural disasters, human have no control over them and this can explain why naturally occurring disasters have serious impact on human society. They only leave human beings with the option of reducing their impacts when they occur. As I have mentioned before, disaster is a result of human force, natural force or a combination of both; management for these disasters have been put in place. Disaster management simply is a body of policy and administrative decisions and operational activities which pertain to various stages of a disaster at all levels. So disaster management body has to come up with personnel and facilities dealing with earthquakes. The personnel includes both the administrative, individuals and community actions who try to minimize loss of lives or/and damage of facilities. This they do through disaster preparedness includes efforts for effective rescue of people involved in the earthquake disaster, relief and also rehabilitation and reconstruction of destroyed materials like buildings. The administration, individuals and community also engage in disaster mitigation which encompasses all measures to reduce the impact the earthquake disaster phenomenon by improving the community’s ability o withstand the impact of the earthquake. This they do through the prevention, preparedness and real response of earthquake disaster during or after which includes relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction. Earthquake disaster will definitely leave behind vulnerable people who are prone to it again incase it occurs again. To be vulnerable is to live with a likelihood that one will suffer from hazardous events. In the society, some people are more vulnerable than others. The nearness to hazardous places the more the consequence one will face. Earlier, earthquake disasters have established that natural hazards are a cause of vulnerability to disasters. People who live or work in certain areas are prone to disasters that may occur to such areas. This means that humans living or working in certain areas make themselves vulnerable to earthquakes disaster, for example if they live in areas of volcanic activities then they are prone to earthquakes or earth movements respectively. Vulnerability is simply reduced to zero by people not living in affected areas. Scientists, technologists and engineers have attempted to predict hazardous events and development of technologies that can enable human structures to withstand earthquakes. The assumption has been that events are acts of nature that cannot be prevented but rather there are possibilities of reducing their consequences. As a result of this, technologies and materials for building and construction for example have been developed so that they can withstand earthquakes or earth movements. In spite of many games in the scientific and technological process to control vulnerability to earthquake disasters people continue to be injured, die and loss of property. One reason for this is because many earthquake disasters predictions and other mitigative technology are costly and individuals and communities are either unwilling or unable to afford them. The costs tend to set criteria for deciding on what mitigation methods to use under various circumstances.   So according to this view, although vulnerability is a cost, vulnerability reduction is itself costly. As I mentioned before, disaster does not choose specific people and the nearer one gets to it or lives near it the more vulnerable he or she becomes. Earthquakes disasters do not choose the poor or the rich but it affects anyone or everyone. So earthquake or earth movement disasters impose a varied number of consequences on the humans, animals, physical and environmental aspects. These consequences can be in view of the time period of a disaster that is either short term, mid term or long term. To UNECLAC, effects of disasters are short term consequences of disaster that comprise of direct damage,, indirect damages and secondary effect. Impacts comprise of economic, social, psychological and environmental impacts. These are mainly long term consequences of disasters. The worst case scenario that determines the degree of risk is whereby disaster occurs because people who are vulnerable simply do not know when the disaster may occur, what protection measures to take and these coupled with negative attitudes towards use of certain measures. This increases human suffering from disastrous situation. A good example here is a case where by simple earth tremors or movements occur frequently leaving   people with a normal assumption that such have been happening and that have never had effect on them. This will definitely make everyone to take such scenarios for granted not knowing that one day the tremor can turn out to be an earthquake. When it turns to be earthquake, it will find everyone unaware and hence will end up affecting the majority. The fact that disaster can happen anywhere and anytime, everyone should be prepared. Earthquakes disasters are categorized as either simple, Meagre or complex. What one society can look at as a simple earthquake disaster can be perceived as complex earthquake disaster by another society. Some disasters are also seen as rapid while others seen as slow. I may say that most earthquakes disasters can be considered as initially slow or creeping because mostly they begin as earth movement or tremors before ending up as earthquakes which are considered to being rapid. Earthquakes are as a result of natural forces or an interaction of human and natural hence they are beyond human control thus the society should be prepared on how they can be mitigated however much costly it may be. People should also be prepared because of the damages the earth quakes cause whether partial or complete destructions of physical infrastructure like buildings, people, communication networks, machineries, etc.   They can be indirect damages that the damage to the flow of goods and services that can neither be produced nor distributed when a disaster occurs. Indirect damages are of four folds namely; increased population costs, increased damages, loss of corporate incomes and unexpected expenditures. In conclusion, earthquake disasters neither belong to the rich or poor but to everyone. This means it can affect everyone as long as one lives on the earth’s surface. References www.redcross.com